ABSTRACT
This work presents a new polymorphic, reusable, and comprehensive mathematical model for COVID-19 epidemic transition cycle dynamics. This model has the following characteristics: (1) The core SEIR model includes asymptomatic and symptomatic infections;(2) the symptomatic infection is a multi-variant;(3) the recovery stage provides a partial feed to the symptomatic infection;and (4) the symptomatic and asymptomatic stages have additional feed streams from the protected stage. The proposed formalisation template is a canonical way to achieve different models for the underlying health control environment. This template approach endows the model with polymorphic and reusable capability across different scenarios. To verify the model's reliability and validity, this work utilised two sets of initial conditions: date range and COVID-19 data for Canada and Saudi Arabia. © 2023 by the authors.
ABSTRACT
Exosome trans-membrane signals provide cellular communication between the cells through transport and/or receiving the signal by molecule, change the functional metabolism, and stimulate and/or inhibit receptor signal complexes. COVID19 genetic transformations are varied in different geographic positions, and single nucleotide polymorphic lineages were reported in the second waves due to the fast mutational rate and adaptation. Several vaccines were developed and in treatment practice, but effective control has yet to reach in cent presence. It was initially a narrow immune-modulating protein target. Controlling these diverse viral strains may inhibit their transuding mechanisms primarily to target RNA genes responsible for COVID19 transcription. Exosomal miRNAs are the main sources of transmembrane signals, and trans-located miRNAs can directly target COVID19 mRNA transcription. This review discussed targeted viral transcription by delivering the artificial miRNA (amiRNA) mediated exosomes in the infected cells and significant resources of exosome and their efficacy.